Introduction
The
application of psychological as well as physiological principles to the
improvement of performance in sports received greater attention in these
days. There are certain accepted psychological principles that have to
be applied, so that the athlete and players are able to show their best
in their performances. There is an old saying “you can take an athlete
to the game, but you can’t make him play”. Physical traits, skills
and motor abilities are important factors in giving a sports performance
but more important than these is the level of motivation in a given task
for showing the peak performance and demonstrating superior skill.
Motivation is needed more in the competitive sports, where the athletes
and players try their best to accomplish the goal of peak performance in
their events and games.
What is
motivation
Motivation
is derived from latin word “Movere” which means to move. Anything
which moves an individual to action may be described as motives, drives,
urges, incentives, or interests. Hence motivation is an urge and without
it no behaviour and consequently no learning and performance is
possible. Motivation provides driving force and direction to all type of
behaviour.
Human
behaviour is directed towards certain goals that art closely related to
the satisfaction of his basic physiological needs. ‘Motivation’
donates the factors and processes that nipel people to action or to
inaction in various situations. Hence ‘motivation’ deals with
variables that incite or direct a person towards a specific goal,
(ATKINSON, 1964). Same situation are generally motivating the most
people, other situations do not. Motives may be either innate or
learned, but when aroused they initiate behaviour directed towards goal
related to the particular motive involved.
Motives
Human behaviour is controlled directed and modified through certain
motives. Motives are the raw materials of human nature. They determine
the human conduct and behaviour.Thus
we may define a motive “as a tendency to activity initiated by a drive
and conducted by an adjustment”.
In
Sports
Why do people play? Or why do we engage in sports? Why some young man
like playing, doing social activities, whiles others do not? Why some
children select cricket, and some football, while others like hockey?
How to motivates the students to different games and physical
activities? These and many other questions need to be considered in
order to understand the motivational aspect of sports and physical
activities of the people.
In
the field of sports, the individuals are able to satisfy most of their
motives. The needs for their security, affection, belonging, approval,
acceptance, and achievement are important motives that can be fulfilled
through physical activities and games. The urge to run and play when
young to excel when competing, to struggle when angered and to run when
trended, to probe something when challenged, to escape when confined, to
be aggressive when angered and to run when frightened are typical of man
as the natures, and develops and moves through the dangers and
competitive situations of life self-respect, self-fulfillment and self-realisation
are not only significant goal to most individuals, but they parish
powerful motivation forces to action. Many of the greatest achievements
of men and women have come out through their kind of motivation in every
culture and society, as sports has become an increasingly internal part
of every culture and must be regarded as a social institution of major
importance.
In
sports, man find ways of exercising their powers of discovering new
abilities, exploring their potentialities and of expressing their
emotions. The need of the security has been cited as an important
motivating factor in physical activities. Similarly, the sense of
achievement is also important factor of motivation in sports, because
every player or athlete are interested in knowing what he is
accomplishing and how he is processing towards specific goals.
Coaches will try to motivate their athletes and players best by
appealing to their self-respect, common sense, and needs for mastery of
the self and of the environment. Today the emotional laden appeals “To
try hard” or “To prove your worth” are not as much effective when
working with the present youth, of course each athlete or player needs
to be considered of an individual basis to determine what certain
motivational techniques will work best for him. It has been observed
that sometimes many athletes have the physical abilities and have
developed skills to be outstanding, yet do not possess the motivation,
which will drive them to the peak performance. When moral and the will
to succeed are high, motivation is intense, and then tremendous feat can
be accomplished in strength and endurance performance events. But, of
course, too much desire may hamper performance in events requiring
complex movements. The athlete who thinks too much is in danger of
lessening his performance. Many factors are related to proficiency, and
too much mental and physical effort may reduce efficiency in activities.
Conclusion
In competitive sports, the players and athletes try their best to
accomplish the goal of peace performance in their games and events. They
often ignore their comfort and endure pain, work for longer hours in
order to perfect their skills, submit themselves to the guidance and
direction of the coach and they their bodies to the almost. There are
money motivating factors for proficiency in sports and achieving the
seek performance in sports personal pride in peak performance,
challenge, sense of achievement, self-discovery and self-realization
etc.
To
sum up, it can be said that the role of motivation in the field of
sports can never be over emphasized, every player and athlete has some
motives for which he marks his best effort to accomplish. Motives are
very essential for the players for showing their best performance in
events and games.
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